Scaler = a number that represents a progression or distribution within a line. Like the cartesian plane that has a scale unit on their axis.
Speed = the magnitude of the velocity
add = adding two vectors is the result of adding one on top of the other but coming from the source point. Check book’s drawings. That visually. Now about numbers is just add them and find the resulting point.
sub (substraction) = is an addition but you do the opposite side of the second one. Add a negative sign to the second values.
Direction always from when you end up minus where you started!
Vector is just the distance between two points like how to get from one point to the other. Regarding their position
RGB = red blue green alpha (transparency). 255, 255, 255, 255. if two values lightness and alpha.
HSB = Hue Saturation Brightness (how far from the red)
HSL = Hue Saturation Lightness (how far from the white)
You can also think of color as a vector. (rgb like xyz or hsl